What is theorem proving?

Theorem proving is the process of using formal logic and mathematical reasoning to verify the truth of mathematical statements or propositions. In computer science and mathematics, theorem provers are specialized software tools that automatically or interactively check the validity of logical assertions. Theorem proving is widely used in areas such as software verification, hardware design, and formal methods to ensure systems behave as intended. By rigorously proving the correctness of algorithms and systems, theorem proving helps prevent errors and increases reliability in critical applications.