What is surface science?

Surface science is the study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases, such as solid–liquid, solid–gas, liquid–gas, or solid–vacuum interfaces. This field focuses on understanding how surfaces interact with their surroundings, including adsorption, catalysis, corrosion, and surface modification. Surface science is crucial in industries like semiconductors, materials science, nanotechnology, and catalysis, where controlling surface properties can dramatically affect performance and functionality.