What are some common challenges faced by Ruby on Rails engineers when working on large-scale applications?

Ruby on Rails Engineers working on large-scale applications often encounter challenges related to application performance, code maintainability, and scaling databases. As projects grow, it becomes crucial to optimize queries, manage background jobs efficiently, and refactor code to adhere to best practices. Collaborating closely with frontend developers, DevOps, and product managers is key to addressing bottlenecks and ensuring seamless deployments. Proactively writing tests and keeping dependencies updated also help maintain application stability in a dynamic environment.