What is modal analysis?

Modal analysis is a technique used to determine the natural vibration characteristics of a structure or a mechanical component. It identifies the natural frequencies, mode shapes, and damping ratios of the system, which are critical for predicting how the structure will respond to dynamic loads. Engineers use modal analysis to prevent resonance, reduce vibrations, and improve the safety and performance of buildings, vehicles, and machinery. This process can be performed experimentally or through computer simulations using finite element analysis (FEA) tools.