What is microcontroller programming?

Microcontroller programming is the process of writing software code that tells a microcontroller how to perform specific tasks. Microcontrollers are small, self-contained computers found in many electronic devices, such as household appliances, cars, and industrial equipment. Programmers use languages like C, C++, or assembly to create instructions that control the hardware and interact with sensors, motors, or displays. This programming enables automation and smart functionality in embedded systems.