What is mathematical optimization in operations research?

Mathematical Optimization in Operations Research is the process of finding the best solution from a set of feasible options, subject to constraints, by maximizing or minimizing an objective function. It involves formulating real-world problems mathematically and using algorithms to identify optimal or near-optimal solutions. This field is widely applied in logistics, finance, manufacturing, and other industries to improve efficiency and reduce costs. Professionals use techniques such as linear programming, integer programming, and nonlinear optimization to solve complex decision-making problems.