What are some common challenges JavaScript developers face when working on large-scale applications?

JavaScript developers often encounter challenges such as managing complex codebases, ensuring code maintainability, and preventing performance bottlenecks as applications scale. Collaborating effectively with other developers and integrating with backend services can also present difficulties, especially when coordinating updates or debugging issues across multiple teams. Adopting best practices like modular code structure, using modern frameworks, and thorough code reviews can help mitigate these challenges and promote a smoother development process.