What is embedded system testing?

Embedded system testing is the process of verifying and validating the functionality, performance, and reliability of embedded systems—specialized computer systems designed to perform dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems. This testing ensures that both the hardware and software components of the embedded system work together as intended under real-world conditions. Techniques used include unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing, among others. The goal is to identify and fix defects early, ensuring the product is robust, safe, and meets all specified requirements.