Cytogenetics is a field of genetics that focuses on the study of interactions between chromosomes and cells. Cytogenetics research concentrates on the analysis of specific genetic traits that lead to conditions like chronic conditions or hereditary diseases. In this specialized field of science, you use techniques like fluorescent in-situ hybridization (FISH) and comparative genomic hybridization to assay, or test, chromosomes and isolate traits that may cause cells to react or develop in a certain way. This field of science also includes the study of the banding of chromosomes, which helps scientists differentiate between chromosomes.