The responsibilities of a cytogeneticist revolve around the study of genetics, cells, DNA, and chromosomes. In a clinical setting, your duties as a cytogeneticist are to analyze these individual building blocks to detect, interpret, and study disease, chronic conditions, and genetic abnormalities. You use bodily fluid, blood, or tissue to access DNA information about patients. You obtain cellular-level data using microscopes and computer imaging. Instead of or in addition to clinical applications, you may perform research for a medical organization or institution.