Individuals who have a Ph.D. hold most faculty positions in colleges and universities. If you want to work in primary or secondary education, a bachelor's degree and a teaching certificate may be enough to begin your career. For guidance counselors and librarians, the path into a position may be different than general educators. Librarians in universities often need a master's degree in library science, whereas those in elementary through high schools may only need a bachelor's degree. To work as a guidance counselor, you need a degree in social work or psychology at the very least. Additional qualifications vary by school and state.