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Adversarial Machine Learning information

What are some common challenges faced by professionals working in Adversarial Machine Learning roles?

Adversarial Machine Learning professionals often face the challenge of staying ahead of rapidly evolving attack techniques that can compromise model integrity and security. Managing the balance between model performance and robustness is another key difficulty, as defenses against adversarial attacks can sometimes reduce accuracy or increase computational costs. Collaboration with data scientists, security teams, and software engineers is vital for developing resilient models and implementing effective defenses. Staying current with the latest research and tools is essential for success in this dynamic field.

What are the key skills and qualifications needed to thrive as an Adversarial Machine Learning specialist, and why are they important?

To excel in Adversarial Machine Learning, you need a strong background in machine learning, deep learning, statistics, and computer science, typically supported by an advanced degree in a related field. Familiarity with frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch, experience with adversarial attack and defense libraries, and knowledge of security protocols are crucial. Creative problem-solving, critical thinking, and strong communication skills help in designing robust models and explaining complex threats to stakeholders. These competencies are vital to anticipate vulnerabilities, safeguard AI systems, and ensure the reliability of machine learning models in real-world applications.

What is the difference between Adversarial Machine Learning vs Data Scientist?

AspectAdversarial Machine LearningData Scientist
CredentialsKnowledge of machine learning, cybersecurity, and threat detectionDegree in data science, statistics, or related fields
Work EnvironmentResearch labs, cybersecurity teams, AI developmentBusiness analytics, data analysis, model development
Industry UsageAI security, cybersecurity, machine learning researchBusiness, finance, healthcare, tech companies

Adversarial Machine Learning focuses on understanding and defending AI models against malicious inputs, often within cybersecurity contexts. Data Scientists analyze data to extract insights, build models, and support decision-making across various industries. While both roles require machine learning knowledge, Adversarial Machine Learning emphasizes security and robustness, whereas Data Scientists focus on data analysis and predictive modeling.

What is adversarial machine learning?

Adversarial machine learning is a field of study focused on understanding and defending against attacks that manipulate machine learning models by feeding them deceptive input, known as adversarial examples. These attacks can cause models to make incorrect predictions, raising concerns about the security and reliability of AI systems, especially in critical applications like image recognition and autonomous vehicles. Researchers in this area develop techniques to detect, prevent, and mitigate these vulnerabilities to make machine learning systems more robust.
What are popular job titles related to Adversarial Machine Learning jobs in Colorado? For Adversarial Machine Learning jobs in Colorado, the most frequently searched job titles are:
What job categories do people searching Adversarial Machine Learning jobs in Colorado look for? The top searched job categories for Adversarial Machine Learning jobs in Colorado are:
What cities in Colorado are hiring for Adversarial Machine Learning jobs? Cities in Colorado with the most Adversarial Machine Learning job openings:
Research Engineer - Post-Training & Small Language Models (SLMs), Healthcare AI

Research Engineer - Post-Training & Small Language Models (SLMs), Healthcare AI

Deloitte

Denver, CO

Other

Posted 11 days ago


Deloitte rating

8.1

Company rating: 8.1 out of 10

Based on 86 frontline employees who took The Breakroom Quiz

58th of 138 rated financial services


Job description

Three hundred fifty million Americans rely on a healthcare system whose decision-making has become slow, costly, and adversarial - care delayed by prior authorization and paperwork, claims that misfire, clinical decisions made without the right information at the right moment, and patients who struggle to navigate or afford the care they need. Deloitte has a new AI-first effort,, backed by $1B in committed investment, building the reasoning models and agentic systems to rebuild how that system decides - across payers, providers, and life sciences, and for the patients they serve - so that care is faster, fairer, and far less wasteful. This is not AI applied at the margins. It is a ground-up rebuild of the decision-making machinery behind American healthcare, at national scale.

This is resourced to do real post-training at scale - committed investment in GPU compute and training infrastructure, not toy fine-tunes.

As a Research Engineer on our post-training team, you will design, train, evaluate, and align the models that reason about healthcare - working across the full post-training lifecycle to shape model behavior for clinical and operational decisioning across the industry. Healthcare decisioning is one of the cleanest verifiable-reward domains outside math and code: the problems are hard. We ground that reward in real signals - clinical policy and criteria, adjudicated outcomes, and clinical-expert judgment - so correctness is checkable rather than asserted.

You will own the post-training stack for our clinical reasoning models end to end - from data and reward design through trained, evaluated models that ship. This is not a prompt-engineering role. We are looking for people who understand not just how to use LLMs, but how to improve and shape model behavior through advanced post-training.

You do not need a healthcare background. We pair every engineer with clinical and domain experts and teach you the domain - you bring the modeling depth.

We hire on demonstrated depth, not years - the level you join at is determined through our interview process, based on the depth and judgment you demonstrate, not your years in a title.

Work you'll do

Post-training & alignment

Design and execute post-training pipelines: supervised fine-tuning (SFT), preference optimization, and reinforcement learning / alignment workflows.

Build and optimize training using techniques such as SFT, RLHF, PPO, DPO, GRPO, RLAIF, and Constitutional AI, and understand how each affects reasoning quality, safety, latency, cost, and reliability.

Train reasoning models for healthcare decisioning using verifiable-reward RL - designing reward signals and verifiers grounded in clinical guidelines, policy and criteria, and adjudicated outcomes.

Reward modeling & data

Develop reward models and preference datasets to improve reasoning quality, factuality, safety, policy adherence, and task performance.

Curate, clean, synthesize, and evaluate large-scale instruction, preference, and domain-specific datasets, with rigorous filtering, deduplication, and quality control.

Build verification and reward pipelines from our proprietary clinical, claims, and operational data and from clinical-expert labeling - turning guidelines, policy, and adjudicated outcomes into checkable reward signals at scale.

Efficient fine-tuning, training & inference infrastructure

Implement efficient fine-tuning strategies including LoRA, QLoRA, PEFT, and adapter-based approaches; build scalable distributed training using DeepSpeed, FSDP, Megatron-LM, Ray, or equivalent.

Optimize inference performance - latency, throughput, quantization, and deployment efficiency - for production, including frameworks such as vLLM, TensorRT-LLM, or TGI.

Small language models & open-weight models

Train and optimize open-weight models such as Llama, Qwen, Mistral, or DeepSeek; build specialized small language models (SLMs) for on-premise and cloud-hybrid deployment with strong performance-per-dollar.

Evaluation, safety & red teaming

Design evaluation frameworks covering reasoning, hallucination detection, factuality, instruction following, structured outputs, and domain-specific metrics.

Build healthcare-grade evaluation - held-out clinical benchmarks, deployment regression gates, calibration and uncertainty, factuality against ground truth, and bias/fairness evaluation across patient populations and subgroups - co-designed with clinical experts.

Apply PHI/HIPAA-aware data handling and produce model documentation suitable for regulated clinical use.

Perform red teaming and adversarial testing to identify alignment failures, unsafe behaviors, jailbreak vulnerabilities, and regression risks; collaborate with agentic and application teams to improve tool use, grounding, and long-horizon reasoning.

The team

Deloitte brings together AI researchers, modeling and platform engineers, architects, clinical and domain specialists, and product leaders to build, deploy, and operate verticalized AI systems across software, data, models, and cloud infrastructure - engineered for one of the most complex operating environments in the world. The work spans the healthcare industry - payers, providers, and life sciences - and involves genuinely hard reasoning problems, nuanced operational workflows, and a high bar for reliability, with little tolerance for shallow or unreliable outputs. We pair frontier AI research with production-grade engineering, and we ship into real clinical and operational settings rather than leaving models in the lab.

You can go deep. The team sub-specializes across post-training research, data and reward engineering, and training and inference infrastructure - you won't be expected to own all of it alone.

Required qualifications

Bachelor's degree in Computer Science, Machine Learning, Artificial Intelligence, Applied Mathematics, Computational Linguistics, or a related field.

Demonstrated depth training and post-training large transformer-based language models in production or research - this is your craft, not coursework or a one-off fine-tune. Genuine depth including SFT and at least one preference-optimization or RL method, evidenced by shipped models, releases, or research.

Hands-on experience with reasoning-model training and/or verifiable-reward (RLVR) workflows.

Strong understanding of modern post-training techniques: SFT, RLHF, PPO, DPO, GRPO, RLAIF, and preference optimization workflows.

Experience with open-weight foundation models such as Llama, Qwen, Mistral, DeepSeek, or equivalent architectures.

Strong expertise in PyTorch and modern deep-learning tooling; experience with distributed training frameworks such as DeepSpeed, FSDP, Megatron-LM, or Ray.

Experience implementing efficient fine-tuning techniques such as LoRA, QLoRA, PEFT, and quantization-aware workflows.

Deep understanding of transformer architectures, tokenization, attention mechanisms, decoding strategies, and model scaling trade-offs.

Strong grasp of LLM evaluation methodologies, benchmarking, reward modeling, and alignment trade-offs; experience with large-scale and synthetic datasets, filtering, deduplication, and quality-control pipelines.

Strong Python engineering skills and production-grade software practices; ability to work through ambiguous, highly complex technical problems in fast-moving environments.

Ability to travel 0-50%, on average, based on the work you do and the clients and industries/sectors you serve.

Limited immigration sponsorship may be available.

Preferred qualifications

Experience building or optimizing reasoning models, agentic models, or tool-using LLM systems.

Familiarity with inference optimization frameworks such as vLLM, TensorRT-LLM, TGI, or Ollama.

Experience with multimodal models, speech models, or domain-specific foundation models; experience using large-scale GPU clusters and distributed compute.

Contributions to open-source AI projects, research publications, benchmark development, or model releases.

Familiarity with safety, governance, and responsible-AI practices; experience in regulated or high-stakes industries such as healthcare, finance, insurance, or public sector.

Compensation

Base salary is benchmarked to leading technology companies rather than traditional consulting scales, and the role carries a substantial performance-based incentive opportunity designed to grow with the value you help create - startup-style upside, with the backing of a committed, well-capitalized platform. The estimated base salary range is $110,700-$379,200 (not adjusted for geographic differential); actual base pay depends on your skills, experience, and level, and you may also be eligible for a discretionary annual incentive based on individual and organizational performance.


Qualifications:

Three hundred fifty million Americans rely on a healthcare system whose decision-making has become slow, costly, and adversarial - care delayed by prior authorization and paperwork, claims that misfire, clinical decisions made without the right information at the right moment, and patients who struggle to navigate or afford the care they need. Deloitte has a new AI-first effort,, backed by $1B in committed investment, building the reasoning models and agentic systems to rebuild how that system decides - across payers, providers, and life sciences, and for the patients they serve - so that care is faster, fairer, and far less wasteful. This is not AI applied at the margins. It is a ground-up rebuild of the decision-making machinery behind American healthcare, at national scale.

This is resourced to do real post-training at scale - committed investment in GPU compute and training infrastructure, not toy fine-tunes.

As a Research Engineer on our post-training team, you will design, train, evaluate, and align the models that reason about healthcare - working across the full post-training lifecycle to shape model behavior for clinical and operational decisioning across the industry. Healthcare decisioning is one of the cleanest verifiable-reward domains outside math and code: the problems are hard. We ground that reward in real signals - clinical policy and criteria, adjudicated outcomes, and clinical-expert judgment - so correctness is checkable rather than asserted.

You will own the post-training stack for our clinical reasoning models end to end - from data and reward design through trained, evaluated models that ship. This is not a prompt-engineering role. We are looking for people who understand not just how to use LLMs, but how to improve and shape model behavior through advanced post-training.

You do not need a healthcare background. We pair every engineer with clinical and domain experts and teach you the domain - you bring the modeling depth.

We hire on demonstrated depth, not years - the level you join at is determined through our interview process, based on the depth and judgment you demonstrate, not your years in a title.

Work you'll do

Post-training & alignment

Design and execute post-training pipelines: supervised fine-tuning (SFT), preference optimization, and reinforcement learning / alignment workflows.

Build and optimize training using techniques such as SFT, RLHF, PPO, DPO, GRPO, RLAIF, and Constitutional AI, and understand how each affects reasoning quality, safety, latency, cost, and reliability.

Train reasoning models for healthcare decisioning using verifiable-reward RL - designing reward signals and verifiers grounded in clinical guidelines, policy and criteria, and adjudicated outcomes.

Reward modeling & data

Develop reward models and preference datasets to improve reasoning quality, factuality, safety, policy adherence, and task performance.

Curate, clean, synthesize, and evaluate large-scale instruction, preference, and domain-specific datasets, with rigorous filtering, deduplication, and quality control.

Build verification and reward pipelines from our proprietary clinical, claims, and operational data and from clinical-expert labeling - turning guidelines, policy, and adjudicated outcomes into checkable reward signals at scale.

Efficient fine-tuning, training & inference infrastructure

Implement efficient fine-tuning strategies including LoRA, QLoRA, PEFT, and adapter-based approaches; build scalable distributed training using DeepSpeed, FSDP, Megatron-LM, Ray, or equivalent.

Optimize inference performance - latency, throughput, quantization, and deployment efficiency - for production, including frameworks such as vLLM, TensorRT-LLM, or TGI.

Small language models & open-weight models

Train and optimize open-weight models such as Llama, Qwen, Mistral, or DeepSeek; build specialized small language models (SLMs) for on-premise and cloud-hybrid deployment with strong performance-per-dollar.

Evaluation, safety & red teaming

Design evaluation frameworks covering reasoning, hallucination detection, factuality, instruction following, structured outputs, and domain-specific metrics.

Build healthcare-grade evaluation - held-out clinical benchmarks, deployment regression gates, calibration and uncertainty, factuality against ground truth, and bias/fairness evaluation across patient populations and subgroups - co-designed with clinical experts.

Apply PHI/HIPAA-aware data handling and produce model documentation suitable for regulated clinical use.

Perform red teaming and adversarial testing to identify alignment failures, unsafe behaviors, jailbreak vulnerabilities, and regression risks; collaborate with agentic and application teams to improve tool use, grounding, and long-horizon reasoning.

The team

Deloitte brings together AI researchers, modeling and platform engineers, architects, clinical and domain specialists, and product leaders to build, deploy, and operate verticalized AI systems across software, data, models, and cloud infrastructure - engineered for one of the most complex operating environments in the world. The work spans the healthcare industry - payers, providers, and life sciences - and involves genuinely hard reasoning problems, nuanced operational workflows, and a high bar for reliability, with little tolerance for shallow or unreliable outputs. We pair frontier AI research with production-grade engineering, and we ship into real clinical and operational settings rather than leaving models in the lab.

You can go deep. The team sub-specializes across post-training research, data and reward engineering, and training and inference infrastructure - you won't be expected to own all of it alone.

Required qualifications

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